Soft Normativity as a Matter of Degree and as a Binary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5347/63/2025/845Palavras-chave:
similaridade, adjetivos graduáveis, comparação, classificação, legalização, consolidação, relevânciaResumo
A normatividade soft como questão de grau e como binário
No contexto dos debates da filosofia do direito, o termo "soft law" tem sido utilizado de várias maneiras que frequentemente desafiam a comparação. Consequentemente, as posições dentro da controvérsia entre hard law e soft law exibem uma diversidade e nuance significativas. Para restringir a gama de opções conceptuais para o uso jurisprudencial do termo "soft", a análise centra-se nas complexidades semânticas e metafísicas de pares de adjetivos antónimos como "soft" e "hard", afastando-se parcialmente das interpretações disponíveis da palavra "soft" no discurso legal e jurisprudencial. Ao pôr provisoriamente entre parênteses estas conotações legais, a análise valer-se-á dos insights taxonómicos fornecidos pela distinção tripartida de Rudolph Carnap entre conceitos classificatórios, comparativos e quantitativos (científicos). Ao aplicar este quadro taxonómico, serão feitas ocasionais digressões para explorar como a atribuição de "softness" a normas ou instrumentos legais pode variar na sua literalidade, dependendo se a "softness" é entendida como uma propriedade qualitativa de artefactos jurídicos (isto é, como uma forma de um artefacto jurídico ser), como uma propriedade disposicional dos processos jurídicos de criação, aplicação ou adjudicação do direito, ou, alternativamente, como uma dimensão ao longo da qual artefactos ou processos jurídicos particulares exibem características variáveis que não a softness propriamente dita.
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